Proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry can make use of virtually any tissue or sample containing protein. We use blood, serum, plasma and tissue specimens preserved by freezing or various fixation techniques such as formalin fixed parrafin embedded tissue blocks. Dermatological investigations conducted using the in vitro human skin system are particularly fruitful in the investigation of the pharmacological effects of various drugs and other stimuli. In addition we can identify and measure quantities of most drugs in biological samples in support of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies.
Mass spectrometry allows the measurement of the mass (weights) of individual molecules. Biological mass spectrometery allows the determination of the mass of biological molecules such as proteins. There are numerous techniques by which proteins are analyzed by mass spectrometry, but all produce mass spectra. Proteomic mass spectrometry compares these spectra, using sophisticated search software, to databases containing information on every known protein. These searches allow us to identify statistically significant matches to proteins present in our samples. Mass spectrometry also allows us to determine the quantity of any given protein in a sample. These characteristics allow us to identify proteins in samples that are present at significantly higher or lower levels than they are in other samples. Thus, we can determine if a particular protein is characteristic of a disease, a response to a drug or other treatment or if the protein is correlated with any other biomarker of a given organism or system.
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